小羊资源---英语学习平台

发音规则

元音发音规则

短元音

/æ/ - cat, hat, man, map, cap, bad, sad, bag, tag, gap
/e/ - bed, pen, ten, red, net, set, get, let, met, bet
/ɪ/ - sit, fit, big, hit, bit, pit, kit, lit, tip, hip
/ɒ/ - dog, hot, box, lot, pot, not, cot, dot, got, tot
/ʌ/ - cup, up, run, sun, fun, gun, bun, nun, pun, mud
/ʊ/ - book, look, good, cook, took, hook, rook, nook, shook, brook
/ə/ - about, ago, sofa, banana, camera, cinema, America, China, Japan, Korea

长元音

/eɪ/ - cake, make, name, take, lake, bake, fake, wake, shake, break
/aɪ/ - like, bike, time, ride, side, tide, wide, hide, slide, guide
/əʊ/ - go, no, home, so, know, show, grow, slow, glow, flow
/aʊ/ - cow, now, house, mouse, loud, proud, cloud, crowd, allow, account
/ɔː/ - door, floor, four, more, core, pour, roar, shore, score, store
/ɑː/ - car, far, star, bar, jar, par, tar, war, scar, guitar
/iː/ - see, tree, meet, feel, real, deal, meal, heal, steal, reveal
/uː/ - blue, school, moon, noon, soon, cool, pool, tool, fool, rule

辅音发音规则

清辅音

/p/ - pen, map, cap, top, pop, hop, stop, shop, drop, copy
/t/ - ten, cat, mat, sat, fat, rat, bat, hat, pat, tap
/k/ - key, book, cook, look, took, hook, rook, nook, shook, brook
/f/ - five, leaf, roof, life, wife, knife, knife, half, chief, belief
/θ/ - think, math, three, thin, thick, thank, theft, theme, theory, theater
/s/ - sun, bus, pass, sit, set, sell, send, sick, sack, sad
/ʃ/ - she, fish, wash, ship, shop, shake, shape, sharp, sheep, sheet
/tʃ/ - chair, catch, match, chat, patch, batch, hatch, scratch, stretch, switch
/tr/ - tree, train, trip, trick, treat, track, trade, transport, translate, transform
/ts/ - cats, hats, seats, boats, coats, notes, dots, spots, plots, slots

浊辅音

/b/ - bed, lab, cab, tab, fab, dab, jab, grab, crab, blob
/d/ - dog, sad, bad, dad, mad, lad, pad, glad, sad, add
/g/ - go, bag, log, dog, fog, hog, cog, frog, blog, vlog
/v/ - van, live, love, have, give, leave, save, wave, cave, brave
/ð/ - this, that, with, the, there, they, them, their, then, than
/z/ - zoo, buzz, size, zip, zap, oz, jazz, quiz, fuzzy, dizzy
/ʒ/ - measure, pleasure, treasure, leisure, vision, decision, confusion, explosion, television, division
/dʒ/ - jump, judge, age, cage, page, stage, rage, wage, bridge, fridge
/dr/ - drive, drink, draw, dream, dress, drop, dry, drum, drama, dragon
/dz/ - beds, kids, hands, cards, birds, words, worlds, swords, herds, beads

特殊发音规则

字母组合发音

ch - /tʃ/ (chair, chat, chalk, challenge) 或 /k/ (school, chemical, chemistry, Christmas)
sh - /ʃ/ (she, ship, shop, shoe, shine, shadow, shallow, share)
th - /θ/ (think, three, thin, thick) 或 /ð/ (this, that, the, there)
ph - /f/ (phone, photo, physics, philosophy, phrase)
wh - /w/ (what, where, when, why) 或 /h/ (who, whom, whose, whole)
ng - /ŋ/ (sing, song, ring, wing, king, thing, long, wrong)
nk - /ŋk/ (think, sink, ink, link, pink, bank, tank, thank)
ck - /k/ (back, pack, sack, rack, tick, pick, lick, kick)
qu - /kw/ (quick, quiet, quiz, queen, question, quarter)
ex - /eks/ (exit, explain, explore) 或 /ɪks/ (example, excite, except)

重音规则

单音节词：重音在唯一的音节上 (cat, dog, bird, fish)
双音节词：通常重音在第一个音节 (teacher, student, parent, number)
多音节词：重音位置因词而异 (information, communication, education)
后缀影响：某些后缀会改变重音位置 (-tion, -sion, -ic, -al)
前缀影响：大多数前缀不影响重音位置 (unhappy, dislike, impossible)
复合词：重音通常在第一个词上 (classroom, blackboard, homework)

语调规则

基本语调

陈述句：通常用降调 (I like English.)
一般疑问句：通常用升调 (Do you like English?)
特殊疑问句：通常用降调 (What do you like?)
选择疑问句：前升后降 (Do you like tea or coffee?)
祈使句：通常用降调 (Open the door.)
感叹句：通常用降调 (What a beautiful day!)

语调变化

列举事物：除最后一项外都用升调 (I like apples, bananas, and oranges.)
表示惊讶：用升调 (Really?)
表示怀疑：用升调 (Are you sure?)
表示肯定：用降调 (Yes.)
表示犹豫：用升调 (Hmm...)

音标学习

短元音音标

/æ/

例词：cat, hat, man, map, cap, bad, sad, bag, tag, gap

/e/

例词：bed, pen, ten, red, net, set, get, let, met, bet

/ɪ/

例词：sit, fit, big, hit, bit, pit, kit, lit, tip, hip

/ɒ/

例词：dog, hot, box, lot, pot, not, cot, dot, got, tot

/ʌ/

例词：cup, up, run, sun, fun, gun, bun, nun, pun, mud

/ʊ/

例词：book, look, good, cook, took, hook, rook, nook, shook, brook

/ə/

例词：about, ago, sofa, banana, camera, cinema, America, China, Japan, Korea

长元音音标

/eɪ/

例词：cake, make, name, take, lake, bake, fake, wake, shake, break

/aɪ/

例词：like, bike, time, ride, side, tide, wide, hide, slide, guide

/əʊ/

例词：go, no, home, so, know, show, grow, slow, glow, flow

/aʊ/

例词：cow, now, house, mouse, loud, proud, cloud, crowd, allow, account

/ɔː/

例词：door, floor, four, more, core, pour, roar, shore, score, store

/ɑː/

例词：car, far, star, bar, jar, par, tar, war, scar, guitar

/iː/

例词：see, tree, meet, feel, real, deal, meal, heal, steal, reveal

/uː/

例词：blue, school, moon, noon, soon, cool, pool, tool, fool, rule

辅音音标

/p/

例词：pen, map, cap, top, pop, hop, stop, shop, drop, copy

/b/

例词：bed, lab, cab, tab, fab, dab, jab, grab, crab, blob

/t/

例词：ten, cat, mat, sat, fat, rat, bat, hat, pat, tap

/d/

例词：dog, sad, bad, dad, mad, lad, pad, glad, sad, add

/k/

例词：key, book, cook, look, took, hook, rook, nook, shook, brook

/g/

例词：go, bag, log, dog, fog, hog, cog, frog, blog, vlog

/f/

例词：five, leaf, roof, life, wife, knife, knife, half, chief, belief

/v/

例词：van, live, love, have, give, leave, save, wave, cave, brave

语音辨析

听音辨音练习

听下面的单词，选择正确的音标

发音对比

易混淆音对比

/θ/

think, three, math, thin, thick, thank, theft, theme, theory, theater

/ð/

this, that, with, the, there, they, them, their, then, than

/s/

sun, bus, pass, sit, set, sell, send, sick, sack, sad

/z/

zoo, buzz, size, zip, zap, oz, jazz, quiz, fuzzy, dizzy

/f/

five, leaf, roof, life, wife, knife, knife, half, chief, belief

/v/

van, live, love, have, give, leave, save, wave, cave, brave

/p/

pen, map, cap, top, pop, hop, stop, shop, drop, copy

/b/

bed, lab, cab, tab, fab, dab, jab, grab, crab, blob

/t/

ten, cat, mat, sat, fat, rat, bat, hat, pat, tap

/d/

dog, sad, bad, dad, mad, lad, pad, glad, sad, add

/k/

key, book, cook, look, took, hook, rook, nook, shook, brook

/g/

go, bag, log, dog, fog, hog, cog, frog, blog, vlog

语音学习