英语学习平台

用法

• 特指某(些)人或某(些)事物: The book on the desk is mine.
• 指双方都知道的人或事物: Open the door, please.
• 指上文提到过的人或事物: I have a cat. The cat is black.
• 用于世界上独一无二的事物前: the sun, the moon, the earth
• 用于序数词和最高级前: the first, the best
• 用于乐器前: play the piano, play the violin

用法

• 表示某一类人或事物中的一个: A student is reading.
• 表示第一次提到的人或事物: I have a book.
• 表示数量"一": I have a pen.
• 表示"每一": three times a day

A 与 An 的区别

• A 用于辅音音素开头的单词前: a book, a student
• An 用于元音音素开头的单词前: an apple, an hour

用法

• 复数可数名词表示泛指: Students like reading.
• 不可数名词表示泛指: Water is important.
• 专有名词: China, Beijing, John
• 学科名称: English, math, physics
• 球类运动: play football, play basketball
• 一日三餐: have breakfast, have lunch

主格

作主语: I, you, he, she, it, we, they

I am a student. They are teachers.

宾格

作宾语: me, you, him, her, it, us, them

He likes me. We help them.

形容词性物主代词

作定语: my, your, his, her, its, our, their

This is my book. Their teacher is nice.

名词性物主代词

作主语、宾语或表语: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs

This book is mine. The pen is hers.

用法

表示动作反射到主语身上: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves

I teach myself English. They enjoyed themselves.

用法

表示"这个"、"那个"、"这些"、"那些": this, that, these, those

This is a book. Those are pens.

用法

用于疑问句中: who, whom, whose, what, which

Who are you? What is this?

基本基数词

• 1-10: one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten
• 11-19: eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen
• 20-90: twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
• 100: one hundred, 1000: one thousand

用法

• 表示数量: I have three books.
• 表示年龄: He is ten years old.
• 表示时间: It's three o'clock.
• 表示编号: Room 301, Page 12

基本序数词

• 1st: first, 2nd: second, 3rd: third, 4th: fourth, 5th: fifth
• 6th-10th: sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth
• 11th-19th: eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, ..., nineteenth
• 20th: twentieth, 21st: twenty-first, 30th: thirtieth

用法

• 表示顺序，通常与定冠词 the 连用: He is the first to come.
• 表示日期: May 1st, 2026
• 表示楼层: the third floor
• 表示比赛名次: He won the first prize.

时间介词

• at: 表示具体时刻: at 8:00, at noon
• in: 表示较长时间: in 2026, in May, in the morning
• on: 表示具体日期: on May 1st, on Monday
• by: 表示截止时间: by the end of the month
• for: 表示一段时间: for three days
• since: 表示从过去某时开始: since 2020

地点介词

• in: 表示在...里面: in the room, in China
• on: 表示在...上面: on the desk, on the wall
• at: 表示在...地点: at school, at the station
• under: 表示在...下面: under the desk
• behind: 表示在...后面: behind the door
• between: 表示在...之间: between two trees

其他介词

• with: 表示伴随: with a book
• without: 表示没有: without money
• about: 表示关于: about English
• for: 表示目的: for you
• of: 表示所属: a map of China
• from: 表示来自: from Beijing

常见介词短语

• at home, at school, at work
• in front of, in the middle of, in the end
• on time, on foot, on the way
• by bus, by car, by train
• with pleasure, with difficulty
• for example, for instance

基本并列连词

• and: 表示并列或顺承: I like coffee and tea.
• but: 表示转折: I like coffee but I don't like tea.
• or: 表示选择: Would you like coffee or tea?
• so: 表示结果: It's raining, so I stay at home.
• for: 表示原因: I stayed at home, for it was raining.

引导时间状语从句

• when: 当...时候: When I arrived, he was reading.
• while: 当...时候(进行时): While I was reading, he came in.
• until: 直到: I waited until he came.
• since: 自从: I have known him since 2020.
• as soon as: 一...就: I'll call you as soon as I arrive.

引导原因状语从句

• because: 因为: I stayed at home because it was raining.
• since: 既然: Since you are busy, I'll go alone.
• as: 由于: As it was late, we went home.

引导条件状语从句

• if: 如果: If it rains, I'll stay at home.
• unless: 除非: I won't go unless you go with me.
• as long as: 只要: You can succeed as long as you work hard.

引导目的状语从句

• so that: 以便: I study hard so that I can pass the exam.
• in order that: 为了: I got up early in order that I could catch the bus.

用法

• 作定语: a beautiful girl, the red book
• 作表语: The girl is beautiful. The book is red.
• 作宾语补足语: I find the book interesting.

形容词的比较等级

• 原级: as...as: He is as tall as I.
• 比较级: 形容词 + er 或 more + 形容词: taller, more beautiful
• 最高级: 形容词 + est 或 most + 形容词: tallest, most beautiful

用法

• 修饰动词: He runs fast. She speaks English well.
• 修饰形容词: The book is very interesting.
• 修饰副词: He runs very fast.
• 修饰整个句子: Fortunately, he passed the exam.

副词的比较等级

• 原级: as...as: He runs as fast as I.
• 比较级: 副词 + er 或 more + 副词: faster, more carefully
• 最高级: 副词 + est 或 most + 副词: fastest, most carefully

单音节词

• 一般加 -er, -est: tall → taller → tallest
• 以 e 结尾的加 -r, -st: nice → nicer → nicest
• 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的，变 y 为 i 加 -er, -est: happy → happier → happiest
• 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后一个辅音字母加 -er, -est: big → bigger → biggest

多音节词

• 加 more, most: beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful
• 部分双音节词: clever → cleverer/more clever → cleverest/most clever

• good/well → better → best
• bad/badly → worse → worst
• many/much → more → most
• little → less → least
• far → farther/further → farthest/furthest

及物动词

后面必须跟宾语的动词: love, like, study, teach

I love you. He studies English.

不及物动词

后面不需要跟宾语的动词: run, walk, come, go

He runs fast. They come here.

系动词

后面跟表语的动词: be, become, get, turn, seem

He is a student. The weather becomes warm.

助动词

帮助构成时态、语态或疑问句: be, do, have, will

He is reading. Do you like English?

常见动词短语

• look at: 看
• listen to: 听
• talk about: 谈论
• think of: 想起
• take care of: 照顾
• make friends with: 与...交朋友
• put on: 穿上
• take off: 脱下
• turn on: 打开
• turn off: 关闭

can

• 能力: I can speak English.
• 可能性: It can be true.
• 请求: Can I help you?
• 允许: You can go now.

may

• 可能性: It may rain tomorrow.
• 请求: May I come in?
• 允许: You may go now.

must

• 必须: You must study hard.
• 肯定推测: He must be at home.
• 禁止: You mustn't smoke here.

should

• 应该: You should study hard.
• 建议: You should see a doctor.

would

• 意愿: I would like to help you.
• 过去习惯: He would go for a walk every morning.
• 请求: Would you please help me?

could

• 过去能力: He could speak English when he was 5.
• 请求(更委婉): Could I help you?
• 可能性(更委婉): It could be true.

一般现在时

• 结构: 主语 + 动词原形/第三人称单数
• 用法: 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态
• 例句: I study English every day. He likes coffee.

一般过去时

• 结构: 主语 + 动词过去式
• 用法: 表示过去发生的动作或状态
• 例句: I studied English yesterday. He liked coffee.

一般将来时

• 结构: 主语 + will/shall + 动词原形
• 用法: 表示将来发生的动作或状态
• 例句: I will study English tomorrow. He will like coffee.

现在进行时

• 结构: 主语 + am/is/are + 动词现在分词
• 用法: 表示现在正在进行的动作
• 例句: I am studying English now. He is reading a book.

过去进行时

• 结构: 主语 + was/were + 动词现在分词
• 用法: 表示过去正在进行的动作
• 例句: I was studying English at 8 yesterday. He was reading a book.

现在完成时

• 结构: 主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词
• 用法: 表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响
• 例句: I have studied English for 3 years. He has read the book.

主动语态

主语是动作的执行者: I study English.

被动语态

• 结构: 主语 + be + 动词过去分词
• 用法: 主语是动作的承受者
• 例句: English is studied by me.

结构

to + 动词原形: to study, to read, to write

用法

• 作主语: To study English is important.
• 作宾语: I want to study English.
• 作表语: My goal is to study English.
• 作定语: I have a book to read.
• 作状语: I study hard to pass the exam.

结构

动词 + ing: studying, reading, writing

用法

• 作主语: Studying English is important.
• 作宾语: I like studying English.
• 作表语: My hobby is studying English.
• 作定语: There is a reading room.

现在分词

• 结构: 动词 + ing: studying, reading, writing
• 用法: 作定语、状语、宾语补足语
• 例句: The boy reading a book is my brother. He came in, holding a book.

过去分词

• 结构: 动词过去分词: studied, read, written
• 用法: 作定语、状语、宾语补足语
• 例句: The book written by him is very good. Seen from the top, the city looks beautiful.